Scientific Sessions

Immunocompromised individuals—such as those undergoing chemotherapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with HIV/AIDS, or those on long-term immunosuppressive therapy—are highly vulnerable to infections due to weakened immune defenses. The management of infections in such hosts poses significant clinical challenges, as even common pathogens can lead to severe or life-threatening complications. Early recognition of infections, prompt diagnosis, and aggressive treatment strategies are critical. These patients often require a tailored approach based on their underlying condition, degree of immunosuppression, and the likely pathogens. Common infections include bacterial sepsis, fungal infections like candidiasis and aspergillosis, viral reactivations such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), and parasitic diseases. Preventive strategies, including antimicrobial prophylaxis, vaccination, and strict infection control measures, play a crucial role in reducing the incidence and severity of infections.

Effective management also involves close monitoring and timely adjustment of therapy based on clinical response and microbiological findings. Broad-spectrum antibiotics or antifungals may be initiated empirically, but de-escalation is important once the causative organism is identified to avoid resistance and toxicity. Supportive care, including nutrition, management of neutropenia, and maintenance of mucosal integrity, enhances the patient's ability to recover. Multidisciplinary collaboration among infectious disease specialists, hematologists, oncologists, and pharmacists is essential for optimizing outcomes. Advances in diagnostics, such as molecular testing and biomarkers, have improved early detection, but ongoing research is needed to develop targeted therapies and vaccines specifically for this high-risk population. Managing infections in immunocompromised hosts remains a delicate balance between controlling pathogens and minimizing drug-related complications while supporting the immune system's recovery.