Scientific Sessions

Geriatric infectious diseases refer to infections that occur in older adults, typically aged 65 years and above, and are influenced by age-related physiological changes, comorbidities, and weakened immune responses. Aging is associated with immunosenescence—a gradual decline in immune system function—which reduces the body’s ability to recognize and combat pathogens effectively. This diminished immunity, coupled with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or chronic lung disease, increases the susceptibility of elderly individuals to infections. Additionally, age-related changes in skin integrity, urinary tract function, and respiratory capacity can create entry points or favorable environments for pathogens. Common infections in this population include pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), skin and soft tissue infections, influenza, and reactivation of latent infections such as herpes zoster (shingles) and tuberculosis. Hospitalization, long-term care facility stays, and the frequent use of medical devices like catheters or feeding tubes can further elevate the risk of acquiring healthcare-associated infections.

The diagnosis and management of infectious diseases in older adults present unique challenges. Symptoms in the elderly may be atypical or less pronounced—fever may be absent, and signs of infection can manifest as confusion, falls, or generalized weakness rather than localized symptoms. Delayed diagnosis can lead to higher rates of complications, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. Preventive measures such as vaccination against influenza, pneumococcal disease, and shingles are crucial in reducing the incidence and severity of infections in the elderly. Moreover, infection control practices in hospitals, nursing homes, and community settings play a pivotal role in safeguarding geriatric health. Early recognition, prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and careful monitoring for drug interactions or adverse effects are essential in this age group, as polypharmacy is common. A multidisciplinary approach involving geriatricians, infectious disease specialists, nurses, and caregivers is critical for effective management, emphasizing prevention, timely treatment, and rehabilitation to maintain quality of life and functional independence in older adults.